Not drinking enough water is one of the biggest risk factors. Sugary drinks, excessive salt, highly processed foods, hot weather, sports, vomiting, or diarrhea can also contribute by making urine more concentrated.
Warning signs may include severe stomach or back pain, blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, painful urination, or repeated urinary infections. Larger stones may sometimes require medical procedures, while smaller ones may pass naturally.
Parents can help reduce risk by encouraging plenty of water, balanced meals, fruits and vegetables, less salt, and fewer sugary drinks. Persistent pain, blood in the urine, vomiting, or difficulty urinating should always be evaluated promptly by a healthcare professional.
