Warning signs can include sores that do not heal, red or white patches, unexplained bleeding, lumps or swelling, loose teeth, numbness, jaw pain, or difficulty chewing and swallowing. Persistent hoarseness or unexplained weight loss may also occur.
Major risk factors include tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, certain HPV infections, and prolonged sun exposure to the lips. Regular dental examinations can help identify suspicious changes before they become more advanced.
See a dentist or healthcare professional if an unusual sore, patch, lump, or other mouth change lasts longer than about two weeks. Early diagnosis generally makes oral cancer easier to treat and improves the chances of a successful outcome.
